The rotator cuff is a group of four small muscles and tendons that hold your shoulder joint together and control its rotation. It’s also one of the most commonly injured structures in throwing, swimming, and racquet sports, and in anyone whose job or training involves repetitive overhead movement.
Strain, tendinopathy, or tear
Rotator cuff problems fall on a spectrum. A strain is a sudden overstretch, usually from a specific movement or fall. Tendinopathy develops gradually from repetitive overhead loading without enough recovery, common in swimmers and throwing athletes mid-season. A tear, partial or complete, can happen suddenly from a fall or forceful movement, or develop over time from chronic overuse. Each needs a different approach, which is why an accurate assessment matters more than guessing from symptoms alone.
What it usually feels like
Most rotator cuff issues show up as pain with overhead movement, a dull ache that’s worse at night or when lying on that side, and weakness lifting or rotating the arm, especially reaching behind your back. Some people also notice a catching or clicking sensation.
Do you need surgery?
Most rotator cuff strains and tendinopathies improve with a structured rehab program and don’t need surgery. Even many partial tears respond well to conservative treatment, particularly in recreational athletes. Full tears, especially in younger or higher-demand athletes, sometimes need surgical repair, a decision that’s made together with an orthopedic specialist based on the tear pattern and your goals.
What treatment looks like
Rotator cuff rehab is built around restoring pain-free range of motion first, then progressively loading the muscles to rebuild strength and endurance, with a gradual return to your specific sport’s demands, whether that’s an overhead swing, a throw, or a swim stroke.
Getting assessed in Calgary
If shoulder pain is affecting your training or your sleep, an assessment can tell you whether you’re dealing with a strain, tendinopathy, or something that needs imaging and a specialist opinion.
Dealing with rotator cuff pain? Learn more about our sports physiotherapy or request an assessment at our downtown Calgary clinic.